Certified Extreme Event Modeler (CEEM) Practice Test

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Which statement is most true for earthquakes with a long period?

They are near field ground motion

They are subduction earthquakes

They are common in areas with stiff/dense soil

They tend to have a higher magnitude

Long-period ground motion is the low-frequency part of the earthquake’s energy. Bigger earthquakes release energy over a larger rupture area and for a longer duration, pushing more energy into those low frequencies. Since magnitude reflects total energy release, earthquakes with higher magnitude tend to produce stronger long-period shaking. While subduction megathrusts, site effects, and near-field nuances can influence the spectrum in specific cases, the most general and reliable pattern is that larger magnitude events generate more long-period energy.